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Diplomatic documents · 1989–1990

Chronicle

A selection of telegrams, memos, minutes and letters from embassies and foreign ministries in eleven countries, set against the events from autumn 1989 to German unity.

Brandenburger Tor, 30 Jahre Mauerfall (2019): New York-air, CC BY-SA 4.0

  1. September 1989

  2. Hungary opens its border to Austria for GDR citizens

  3. October 1989

  4. Monday demonstration in Leipzig

  5. Honecker is replaced by Egon Krenz as SED General Secretary

  6. November 1989

  7. The Berlin Wall opens

  8. Federal Republic of GermanyJournaldodis.ch/52948

    Extract from the Diary of the Protocol Officer at the Embassy of the FRG in Warsaw, Rüdiger Freiherr von Fritsch

    Der Besuch Helmut Kohls in Warschau am 9. und 10. November 1989 wurde durch die spontane Rückkehr des Kanzlers nach Bonn unterbrochen, nachdem die DDR die innerdeutsche Grenze geöffnet hatte.

    Rüdiger Freiherr von Fritsch-Seerhausen, Germany · FRG Federal Republic of Germany · Embassy in Warsaw–

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  9. Federal Republic of GermanyMemoExtractdodis.ch/52949

    Memo for the Foreign Minister of the FRG, Hans-Dietrich Genscher

    Die Reaktionen der US -Regierung, der Medien und der Öffentlichkeit auf die jüngsten Ereignisse in Berlin und der DDR werden dargestellt. Die eher verhaltene Erklärung von Präsident Bush, wird auf den Fokus der US -Regierung auf die Wahrung von Stabilität in der NATO zurückführt.

    Eberhard Kölsch, Gebhardt von Moltke, Germany · FRG Federal Republic of Germany · Federal Foreign OfficeHans-Dietrich Genscher, Germany · FRG Federal Republic of Germany · Federal Foreign Office

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  10. Kohl presents his Ten-Point Plan

  11. United StatesMemoSecretdodis.ch/52912

    Memorandum for the President of the United States, George H. W. Bush

    In response to the President’s request, an analysis of how recent events in Eastern Europe would impact Soviet policy in Germany. Included: Memorandum for Brent Scowcroft/Robert Gates, 29.11.1989.

    Brent Scowcroft, USA United States of America · White HouseGeorge Herbert Walker Bush, USA United States of America · White House

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  12. The Brandenburg Gate reopens

  13. January 1990

  14. United StatesMinutesSensitivedodis.ch/52913

    Memorandum by the United States National Security Council

    President Bush and Chancellor Kohl discussed proposals for the conventional force reduction talks in Vienna, particularly in light of recent developments in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union.

    Philip D. Zelikow, USA United States of America · National Security Council–

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  15. February 1990

  16. Ottawa: agreement on the Two-plus-Four talks

  17. United StatesMemoSensitivedodis.ch/52917

    Memorandum for the President of the United States, George H. W. Bush

    Discussion of the U.S. position in the upcoming Two-Plus-Four Talks on German reunification, particularly in light of Soviet concerns

    Brent Scowcroft, USA United States of America · White HouseGeorge Herbert Walker Bush, USA United States of America · White House

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  18. IsraelTelegramSecret/Immediatedodis.ch/52945

    Telegram from the Israeli Ambassador in Bonn, Benjamin Navon, to the Israeli Foreign Ministry

    A report on Foreign Minister Arens' talks in Bonn with Chancellor Kohl and President von Weizsäcker. Arens told the latter that he sees the reunification of Germany as "a foregone conclusion". Kohl said that East Germany was rapidly collapsing, and assured Arens that "there is no Fourth Reich, and never will be."

    Benjamin Navon, Israel · Embassy in BonnIsrael · Foreign Ministry

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  19. First free elections to the GDR People’s Chamber

  20. First Two-plus-Four ministerial meeting in Bonn

  21. July 1990

  22. Monetary, economic and social union enters into force

  23. Arkhyz, Caucasus: Kohl and Gorbachev agree on a united Germany in NATO

  24. Unification Treaty signed

  25. Two-plus-Four Treaty signed in Moscow

  26. October 1990

  27. SwitzerlandPolitical reportVertraulichdodis.ch/49561

    Politischer Bericht des schweizerischen Botschafters in Ost-Berlin, Franz Birrer

    Einschätzungen zur Auflösung der DDR und deren Anschluss an die Bundesrepublik Deutschland, wobei insbesondere die Beschleunigung des Wiedervereinigungsprozesses seit den Ereignissen an der Berliner Mauer und deren negativen Konsequenzen für die DDR betont werden.

    Franz Birrer, Swiss Embassy in East BerlinFederal Department for Foreign Affairs

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  28. German reunification

  29. November 1990

  30. PolandMemododis.ch/53174

    Memorandum by the Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs, Krzysztof Skubiszewski

    Summary of the talks between Prime Minister Mazowiecki and Chancellor Kohl. The current developments and arrangements for immediate measures, plans to sign a border treaty and a good neighbourly relations treaty, and the decision to abolish the visa requirement are discussed.

    Jerzy Sułek, Poland · Ministry of Foreign AffairsPoland · Government

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  31. German–Polish Border Treaty signed