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Diplomatic documents · 1989–1990

Chronicle

A selection of telegrams, memos, minutes and letters from embassies and foreign ministries in eleven countries, set against the events from autumn 1989 to German unity.

Documents per weekEvent
Sep 1989OctNovDecJan 1990FebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovHungary opens its border to Austria for GDR citizensMonday demonstration in LeipzigHonecker is replaced by Egon Krenz as SED General SecretaryThe Berlin Wall opensKohl presents his Ten-Point PlanThe Brandenburg Gate reopensOttawa: agreement on the Two-plus-Four talksFirst free elections to the GDR People’s ChamberFirst Two-plus-Four ministerial meeting in BonnMonetary, economic and social union enters into forceArkhyz, Caucasus: Kohl and Gorbachev agree on a united Germany in NATOUnification Treaty signedTwo-plus-Four Treaty signed in MoscowGerman reunificationGerman–Polish Border Treaty signed

Brandenburger Tor, 30 Jahre Mauerfall (2019): New York-air, CC BY-SA 4.0

  1. Hungary opens its border to Austria for GDR citizens

  2. October 1989

  3. Monday demonstration in Leipzig

  4. Honecker is replaced by Egon Krenz as SED General Secretary

  6. November 1989

  7. The Berlin Wall opens

  10. NetherlandsTelegramExtract Confidentialdodis.ch/52958

    Telegram from the Dutch Ambassador in Bonn, Jan van der Tas, to the Dutch Minister of Foreign Affairs, Hans van den Broek

    Report on the events that unfolded on and after 9.11.1989. Van der Tas is critical of the "false note", the claim for reunification, brought into the festivities by FRG Chancellor Kohl.

    Jan van der Tas, Netherlands · Embassy in BonnHans van den Broek, Netherlands · Ministry of Foreign Affairs

    Bonn, 14 November 1989

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  12. Kohl presents his Ten-Point Plan

  13. PolandTelegramdodis.ch/53171

    Telegram from the Polish Ambassador in Cologne, Ryszard Karski, to the Polish Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, Bolesław Kulski

    The ten-point plan for German reunification is assessed and the lack of any information about the inviolability of the Polish-German border is criticised.

    Ryszard Karski, Poland · Embassy in CologneBolesław Kulski, Poland · Ministry of Foreign Affairs

    Immediately CologneThe Polish Embassy in the FRG Federal Republic of Germany was situated in Cologne., 29 November 1989, 6.20 p.m.

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  14. December 1989

  16. Federal Republic of GermanyTelegramExtract Confidential and very urgentdodis.ch/52953

    Telegram from the Ambassador of the FRG in Paris, Franz Pfeffer, to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the FRG

    Information über die verschiedenen Reaktionen in Frankreich auf den Fall der Berliner Mauer und die jüngsten Entwicklungen in der DDR. Dabei wird die Notwendigkeit einer guten Öffentlichkeitsarbeit der deutschen Botschaft betont.

    Helmut Elfenkämper, Franz Pfeffer, Germany · FRG Federal Republic of Germany · Embassy in ParisGermany · FRG Federal Republic of Germany · Federal Foreign Office

    Paris, 18 Dezember 1989, 3.54 p.m.

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  17. The Brandenburg Gate reopens

  18. January 1990

  20. February 1990

  21. NetherlandsTelegramConfidentialdodis.ch/52960

    Telegram from the Dutch Ambassador in Bonn, Jan van der Tas, to the Dutch Minister of Foreign Affairs, Hans van den Broek

    Report on the visit of Defence Minister Relus ter Beek to the Defence Minister of the FRG Gerhard Stoltenberg, and the possible implications of German reunification for the banking situation in Germany, NATO cooperation, and the CSCE discussions with the Soviets.

    Jan van der Tas, Netherlands · Embassy in BonnHans van den Broek, Netherlands · Ministry of Defence

    Bonn, 8 February 1990

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  22. Ottawa: agreement on the Two-plus-Four talks

  23. SwitzerlandTelegramVertraulichdodis.ch/52281

    Politscher Bericht des schweizerischen Botschafters in Bonn, Alfred Hohl

    Analyse der drei grundlegenden Prozesse von historischer Bedeutung, die sich gegenwärtig in Europa abspielen: die europäische Integration, die Auflösung des Ostblocks und die damit verbundene Eliminierung der sicherheitspolitischen Bipolarität in Europa und die deutsche Wiedervereinigung.

    Jürg Leutert, Swiss Embassy in BonnEDA · Politische Direktion · Zentrale Dienste · Politisches Sekretariat, EDA · Politische Direktion · Politische Abteilung I, Swiss Embassy in East Berlin, Swiss Embassy in London, Swiss Embassy in Moscow, Swiss Embassy in Paris, Swiss Embassy in Rome, Swiss Embassy in Washington

    Bonn,  13. Februar 1990

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  24. IsraelTelegramSecret/Immediatedodis.ch/52945

    Telegram from the Israeli Ambassador in Bonn, Benjamin Navon, to the Israeli Foreign Ministry

    A report on Foreign Minister Arens' talks in Bonn with Chancellor Kohl and President von Weizsäcker. Arens told the latter that he sees the reunification of Germany as "a foregone conclusion". Kohl said that East Germany was rapidly collapsing, and assured Arens that "there is no Fourth Reich, and never will be."

    Benjamin Navon, Israel · Embassy in BonnIsrael · Foreign Ministry

    Bonn, 20 February 1990

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  25. Federal Republic of GermanyTelegramUrgentdodis.ch/52952

    Telegram from the Ambassador of the FRG in Tel Aviv, Wilhelm Haas, to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the FRG

    Haas reports critical reactions on behalf of the Israeli press and some cabinet members to remarks by Israel’s Foreign Minister Moshe Arens on the possibility of German unification.

    Wilhelm Haas, Heimo Richter, Germany · FRG Federal Republic of Germany · Embassy in Tel AvivGermany · FRG Federal Republic of Germany · Federal Foreign Office

    Tel Aviv, 20 February 1990, 1.55 p.m.

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  26. First free elections to the GDR People’s Chamber

  27. April 1990

  28. SwitzerlandTelegramVetraulichdodis.ch/52282

    Politischer Bericht des schweizerischen Botschaft in Bonn, Alfred Hohl

    Analyse der Aussage eines Staatssekretärs des Auswärtigen Amts, dass die Wiedervereinigung als Aufgabe schlicht und einfach zu früh an Bonn herangetragen worden sei. Er befürchtet, dass die BRD noch nicht voll genug in Europa integriert sei und die Chancen deutsch-nationale Aufwallungen noch viel zu reell sind.

    Alfred Hohl, Swiss Embassy in BonnFederal Department for Foreign Affairs

    Bonn, 10. April 1990

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  29. IsraelTelegramSecret/Usual [priority]dodis.ch/52946

    Telegram from the Israeli Ambassador in Bonn, Benjamin Navon, to the Israeli Foreign Ministry

    Review of the situation in the GDR following the elections. The new parliament has passed a resolution recognizing Germany's crimes against the Jews and instructing the government to work for establishment of relations with Israel. Open official negotiations with the GDR are proposed.

    Benjamin Navon, Israel · Embassy in BonnIsrael · Foreign Ministry

    Bonn, 16 April 1990

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  30. May 1990

  31. First Two-plus-Four ministerial meeting in Bonn

  33. July 1990

  34. Monetary, economic and social union enters into force

  35. NetherlandsTelegramConfidentialdodis.ch/52961

    Telegram from the Dutch Ambassador in East Berlin, Egbert Jacobs, to the Dutch Minister of Foreign Affairs, Hans van den Broek

    Report on the state of affairs in the GDR, where people appear pleased with the prospect of reunification and see no reason to stretch out the country’s existence. These mental changes have had a profound impact on the internal political situation in the GDR.

    Egbert Jacobs, Netherlands · Embassy in BerlinHans van den Broek, Netherlands · Ministry of Foreign Affairs

    East Berlin, 4 July 1990

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  36. Arkhyz, Caucasus: Kohl and Gorbachev agree on a united Germany in NATO

  38. August 1990

  40. Unification Treaty signed

  41. Two-plus-Four Treaty signed in Moscow

  42. German reunification

  43. German–Polish Border Treaty signed